cornelia daughter of seleucus

It is possible that Antiochus was a member of an upper Macedonian noble family. Ptolemy gave Seleucus 800 infantry and 200 cavalry. Antigonus allied with Rhodes, the island had a strategic location and its navy was capable of preventing the allies from combining their forces. — Pliny, Natural History VI, 23[49]. When Seleucus left for Europe, the organizational rearrangement of Asia Minor had not been completed. Cleopatra was born in 1950, in Ash Shatibi, Al Iskandariyah, Egypt. In return, he was presented the gift of 300 elephants. She held great respect among the Macedonian army but lost some of this when she had Philip III and his wife Eurydice killed as well as many nobles whom she took revenge upon for supporting Antipater during his long reign. [38], The struggle among the Diadochi reached its climax when Antigonus, after the extinction of the old royal line of Macedonia, proclaimed himself king[3] in 306 BC. The events of the Second War of the Diadochi revealed Seleucus' ability to wait for the right moment. Seleucus' mother was supposedly called Laodice, but nothing else is known of her. Ptolemy, Lysimachus and Cassander formed a coalition against Antigonus. [15], After the death of Antipater in 319 BC, the satrap of Media began to expand his power. But almost immediately, the wars between the Diadochi resumed and Antigonus[C] forced Seleucus to flee Babylon. Seleucus I V Philopator of Syria was born in 225, at birth place, to Demetrius Nicator and Cleopatra IV Nicator (born Egypt). [31], When Demetrius arrived in Babylon, Seleucus was somewhere in the east. — Strabo 15.2.9[45]. Didymeia might refer to the oracle of Apollo in Didyma near Miletus. King Seleucus had a step son named Antiochus who fell in love with Stratonice, so he gave her to him so that he wouldn’t do anything foolish to obtain her love. On this occasion Seleucus married Apama, the daughter of Spitamenes, the ruler of Bactria. To cement his position, Perdiccas tried to marry Alexander's sister Cleopatra. Historians argue that Chandragupta had likely married the daughter of Seleucus. Seleucus was the son of Antiochus. [52] Only short extracts remain of Megasthenes' description of the journey. [10], Ancient sources mention Seleucus three times before the death of Alexander. Antigonus, however, discovered the plot and executed Peithon. [57], Seleucus may have founded a navy in the Persian Gulf and in the Indian Ocean. To demonstrate his power, Seleucus also invaded the city of Erythrai. After the death of Alexander, Archon of Pella was chosen satrap of Babylon. It is possible that Antiochus was a member of an upper Macedonian noble family. ... 298/3 Seleucus meets Demetrius at Rhossus, and marries his daughter Straton 298/10 13, an inscription at Didyma in honour of Antiochus son of Seleucus. According to a local custom, Seleucus was always offered an extra cup of wine during dinner time. A cult of personality formed around the later members of the Seleucid dynasty and Seleucus was later worshipped as a son of Zeus Nikator. Lysimachus fell in battle. Boiy "The Reigns of the Seleucid Kings According the Babylonian King List. Seleucus married first name Nicator. He also tried to get the former hypasiti of the Argyraspides to join him, but this did not happen. Seleucus had to act. Ptolemy now had an opportunity to invade Syria, where he defeated Demetrius, the son of Antigonus, in the battle of Gaza in 312 BC. Nicanor was the new satrap of Media and the strategos of the eastern provinces. Thus, Docimus was not intending to give Babylon to Seleucus without a fight. Antigonus did not know Seleucus had conquered the majority of the eastern provinces and perhaps cared little about the eastern parts of the empire. [16], Peithon arrived at Babylon in the autumn or winter of 317 BC. It was obvious that Seleucus' small force could not defeat the two in battle. Peithon's lust for power had grown, and he tried to get a portion of Antigonus' troops to revolt to his side. [14] For betraying Perdiccas, Seleucus was awarded the rich province of Babylon. [1][2][3][4], After about thirteen years of marriage, Cornelia died early in her husband's quaestorship, which occurred in BC 69 or 68. Daughter: Phila II (married to Antigonus Gonatas) Main deeds It is told that Chaldean astrologers prophesied to Antigonus that Seleucus would become master of Asia and would kill Antigonus. He left his friend Archelaus to continue the siege, and himself returned west leaving 5,000 infantry and 1,000 cavalry in Babylon. However, Polyperchon was still allied with Antigonus and thus an enemy of Seleucus. Seleucus had a daughter by Stratonice, who was also called Phila. [1][2][3], However, neither the deprivation of his priesthood, Cornelia's dowry, and his own inheritance, nor the threat of violence, would induce Caesar to forsake his wife. During the battle of Ipsus, he had less infantry than Lysimachus. On the other hand, he knew that at least two eastern provinces did not have a satrap. It was said Antiochus told his son before he left to battle the Persians with Alexander that his real father was actually the god Apollo. She became the wife of Antigonus II Gonatas and was mother of Demetrius II Aetolicus. His plans were disturbed, however, by Ptolemy, who made a surprise attack in Cilicia. [12], The most powerful man in the empire after the death of Perdiccas was Antipater. Because of the threat of Rhodes, Ptolemy gave Seleucus a hundred ships and sent him to the Aegean Sea. [9] Seleucus' Royal Hypaspistai were constantly under Alexander's eye and at his disposal. The Babylonian war finally ended in Seleucus' victory. Eumenes marched his army 300 stadions away from Babylon and tried to cross the Tigris. [3] By the time of the Indian campaigns beginning in late in 327 BC, he had risen to the command of the élite infantry corps in the Macedonian army, the "Shield-bearers" (Hypaspistai, later known as the "Silvershields"). King David —— In the 1870 census of Stantonsburg township, Wilson County: farm laborer Charles Bass, 41. Her mother is Elizabeth Landon Hale, who looks almost exactly like Cornelia, and is very strict. ", sfn error: no target: CITEREFPaul_J._Kosmin2013 (, Debated by Tarn, "The Greeks in Bactria and India", p. 100, Hindu Nationalism, A Reader, by Christopher Jeffrelot, Princeton University Press, 2007. Although 100 BC is still conventionally given as the year of Caesar's birth, some historians place it in 102, which would have made him about nineteen. Historian Junianus Justinus claims that Antiochus was one of Philip II of Macedon's generals, but no such general is mentioned in any other sources, and nothing is known of his supposed career under Philip. Antigonus executed Blitor, the new satrap of Mesopotamia, for helping Seleucus. The news about the death of Evagoras spread among the soldiers, who started to surrender en masse. The Babylonian priesthood had great influence over the region. [3] In 294 BC Stratonice married her stepson Antiochus. This makes the Seleucids part Macedonian and part Iranian, and so, Persian. He was succeeded by Antiochus I Soter. It is said by Arrian that when Alexander crossed the Hydaspes river on a boat, he was accompanied by Perdiccas, Ptolemy I Soter, Lysimachus and also Seleucus. [63], Antiochus founded the cult of his father. [17], In the spring of 316 BC, Seleucus and Peithon joined Antigonus, who was following Eumenes to Susa. Furthermore, the testimony of Philip to a Roman commission in 185 BC (reported in Livy 39.28) makes it appear unlikely that he had a daughter who married Seleucus. The locals had rebelled against Archon and supported Docimus. Peithon assembled a large army of perhaps over 20,000 soldiers. [33] Antigonus' army had at least 80,000 soldiers. After hearing this, Antigonus sent soldiers after Seleucus, who had however first escaped to Mesopotamia and then to Syria. Cornelia (c. 97 – c. 69 BC) was the first or second wife of Julius Caesar,[i] and the mother of his only legitimate child, Julia. [1][2][3][4] A daughter of Lucius Cornelius Cinna, Cornelia was related by birth or marriage to many of the most influential figures of the late Republic. Seleucus had prepared his return to Babylon well. In a short time he conquered Media and Susiana. These coins describe him as "Basileus" ("King"), which implies a date later than 306 BC. When Antigonus finally invaded Babylon, Seleucus' army was much bigger than before. [1][2][4][10][11] Historically, Cornelia is often stated to have died in childbirth, but this is not confirmed. Blazing into battle was not his style. Ptolemy however captured the body and took it to Alexandria. The armies of Eumenes and his allies were at breaking point. By the terms of the treaty, Seleucus surrebderred his territories in Afghanistan - Herat, Kandhar, and the Kabul valley - to Chandragupta Maurya. Deutsch, "The Women of Caesar's Family", p. 505. Just like Peithon and Seleucus, Eumenes was one of the former supporters of Perdiccas. It is unknown the extent in which Seleucus participated in the actual planning of the battle, as he is not mentioned as holding any major independent position during the battle. Seleucus' biggest problem was, however, Babylon itself. However, no ancient source mentions the marriage of Seleucus to a daughter of Philip. The main reason was that he did not have enough Greek and Macedonian troops. Seleucus may have received help from Cossaians, whose ancestors were the ancient Kassites. Babylon was defended in an unusual way. [59], It is said of Seleucus that "few princes have ever lived with so great a passion for the building of cities. On the way to Babylon Seleucus recruited more soldiers from the colonies along the route. His Iranian wife, Apama, may have helped him implement his rule in Bactria and Sogdiana . [44] According to Strabo, the ceded territories bordered the Indus: The geographical position of the tribes is as follows: along the Indus are the Paropamisadae, above whom lies the Paropamisus mountain: then, towards the south, the Arachoti: then next, towards the south, the Gedroseni, with the other tribes that occupy the seaboard; and the Indus lies, latitudinally, alongside all these places; and of these places, in part, some that lie along the Indus are held by Indians, although they formerly belonged to the Persians. Several other powerful men supported Perdiccas, including Ptolemy, Lysimachus, Peithon and Eumenes. [61] Seleucus was thus able to get Stratonice out of the way, as her father Demetrius had now become king of Macedonia. He had, however, hardly crossed into the Thracian Chersonese when he was assassinated by Ptolemy Keraunos near Lysimachia in September (281 BC). Wem gehört die Firma? He intended to leave Asia to Antiochus and content himself for the remainder of his days with the Macedonian kingdom in its old limits. Antiochus and Achaeus were his sons. Peithon had lost a large number of troops, but Seleucus had even fewer soldiers. The alliance between Seleucus and Demetrius ended in 294 BC when Seleucus conquered Cilicia. [6], By his wife, Annia, Cinna had a son, Lucius, and two daughters, conventionally known as Cornelia Major, who married Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus, and Cornelia Minor, the wife of Caesar. Antigonus was now the most powerful of the Diadochi, and the others would soon have to face him. 298/13 Demetrius and Seleucus quarrel over Tyre and Sidon. Seleucus was only able to return to Babylon in 312 BC with the support of Ptolemy. [59], Before his death, Seleucus tried to deal with the administration of Asia Minor. Foreign Influence on Ancient India, Krishna Chandra Sagar, Northern Book Centre, 1992, "And Theophrastus says that some contrivances are of wondrous efficacy in such matters [as to make people more amorous]. [11], War soon broke out between Perdiccas and the other Diadochi. One inscription found in Ilion (i.e., Troy) advises priests to sacrifice to Apollo, the ancestor of Antiochus' family. [1][2][3][4] He held the consulship for a term of four consecutive years, from BC 87 to 84, when he was slain in a soldiers' mutiny. Phila (daughter of Seleucus) Phila (Greek: Φίλα) a daughter of Seleucus I Nicator and Stratonice. Seleucus decided to take advantage of this situation. The plot failed however, because when the correct day came, Seleucus' soldiers spontaneously started building the city. 'Seleucus the Victor') was a Greek general and one of the Diadochi, the rival generals, relatives, and friends of Alexander the Great who fought for control over his empire after his death. After the defeat of Nikanor's army, there was no force in the east that could have opposed Seleucus. Seleucus' victories against Antigonus and Lysimachus left the Seleucid dynasty virtually unopposed amongst the Diadochi. [23] Antigonus refused, and in the spring of 314 BC, he marched against Ptolemy in Syria[24] Seleucus acted as an admiral to Ptolemy during the first phase of the war. [59], The unpopularity of Lysimachus after the murder of Agathocles gave Seleucus an opportunity to remove his last rival. Seleucus punished one of Antigonus' officers without asking permission from Antigonus. In the year 305 BC, Seleucus I Nicator went to India and apparently occupied territory as far as the Indus, and eventually waged war with the Maurya Emperor Chandragupta Maurya. [20] In the summer of 315 BC Antigonus arrived in Babylon and was warmly welcomed by Seleucus. [citation needed]. No Seleucid coins were struck in India thereafter and confirm the reversal of territory west of the Indus to Chandragupta. Babylon was soon left in the shadow of Seleucia, and the story goes that Antiochus, the son of Seleucus, moved the whole population of Babylon to his father's namesake capital in 275 BC. From 312 BC, Seleucus ruthlessly expanded his dominions and eventually conquered the Persian and Median lands. Later, Seleucus named a number of cities after his parents. Seleucus won over the priests with monetary gifts and bribes. Seleucus founded a number of new cities during his reign, including Antioch (300 BC) and in particular Seleucia on the Tigris (c. 305 BC), the new capital of the Seleucid Empire, a foundation that eventually depopulated Babylon. Demetrius' troops now started to abandon their leader en masse. The First War of the Diadochi began when Perdiccas sent Alexander's corpse to Macedonia for burial. It is generally supposed that Caesar was the father of. Seleucus was thus now the only living contemporary of Alexander. On Kautilya's advice, Chandragupta married the daughter of Seleucus, Helen. This contrasts Craterus, Hephaistion, Peithon and Leonnatus – each of whom had sizable detachments under his control. Eumenes was defeated and executed. Just a year before his birth (if the year 358 BC is accepted as the most likely date), the Paeonians invaded the region. Seleucus IV Philopator (Greek: Σέλευκος Δ΄ Φιλοπάτωρ; c. 218-175 BC), ruler of the Hellenistic Seleucid Empire, reigned from 187 BC to 175 BC over a realm consisting of Syria (now including Cilicia and Judea), Mesopotamia, Babylonia and Nearer Iran (Media and Persia). [citation needed], The alliance between Chandragupta and Seleucus was affirmed with a marriage (Epigamia). But upon arriving in Thrace in 281 BC, Seleucus was assassinated by Ptolemy Ceraunus,[3] who had taken refuge at the Seleucid court with his sister Lysandra. Seleucus also transferred the mint of Babylon to his new city. Basileus is usually translated into English as "king". Perhaps Seleucus had to reconquer Babylon from Archelaus. He is reputed to have built in all nine Seleucias, sixteen Antiochs, and six Laodiceas".[60]. The satraps in Susa had apparently accepted Eumenes' claims of his fighting on behalf of the lawful ruling family against the usurper Antigonus. Antigenes was in Cilicia when the war between him and Peithon began. In Babylon, Peithon's commander, Diphilus, barricaded himself in the city's fortress. Demetrius' troops, however, were tired and had not received their payment. The description of the year 310 BC has completely disappeared. Seleucus nominated his son Antiochus I as his co-ruler and viceroy of the eastern provinces in 292 BC, the vast extent of the empire seeming to require a double government. The next event connected to Seleucus was the founding of the city of Seleucia. At the great marriage ceremony at Susa in the spring of 324 BC, Seleucus married Apama (daughter of Spitamenes), and she bore him his eldest son and successor Antiochus I Soter, at least three legitimate daughters (Laodice, Berenice and Apama) and possibly another son (Achaeus). Seleucus' Babylon was surrounded by Peucestas, the satrap of Persis; Antigenes, the new satrap of Susiana and Peithon of Media. He opened the flood barriers of the river, but the resulting flood did not stop Eumenes. Eumenes had tried to use a similar propaganda trick. Perdiccas, however, had plans to supersede Archon and nominate Docimus as his successor. [28], Seleucus spread different stories among the provinces and the soldiers. After Alexander died (323 bce), Seleucus was given the command of the hetairoi (companions) cavalry and took part in the regent Perdiccas’s campaign to oust Ptolemy, the governor of Egypt. Justice of the Peace David G.W. According to other writers, however, all these territories, are reckoned as belonging to the country of the Aria. He was also nominated an honorary citizen of Athens. A great majority of his own troops were from these provinces. [41] The 500 war elephants Seleucus obtained from Chandragupta were to play a key role in the forthcoming battles, particularly at Ipsus [43] against Antigonus and Demetrius. Greek language. Ptolemy, Lysimachus, Cassander and Seleucus soon followed. [51], In addition to this matrimonial recognition or alliance, Seleucus dispatched an ambassador, Megasthenes, to the Mauryan court at Pataliputra (Modern Patna in Bihar state). Also, an Indian Puranic source, the Pratisarga Parva of the Bhavishya Purana, also described the marriage of Chandragupta with a Greek ("Yavana") princess, daughter of Seleucus (Suluva[50] in Indian sources). Alexander the Great's mother Olympias had been invited back to Macedon by Polyperchon in order to drive Cassander out. [46][47] This would tend to be corroborated archaeologically, as concrete indications of Mauryan influence, such as the inscriptions of the Edicts of Ashoka which are known to be located in, for example, Kandhahar in today's southern Afghanistan. Seleucus also founded six smaller cities. He had left Patrocles to defend the city. He escaped to Media, but his opponents did not follow him and rather returned to Susiana. Antigonus had devastated their lands while fighting Eumenes. 132, 136 (note 7). Also the passage of Arrian explaining that Megasthenes lived in Arachosia with the satrap Sibyrtius, from where he travelled to India to visit Chandragupta Maurya, goes against the notion that Arachosia was under Maurya rule: Megasthenes lived with Sibyrtius, satrap of Arachosia, and speaks of his often visiting Sandracottus, the king of the Indians. Philip defeated the invaders and only a few years later utterly subdued them under Macedonian rule. As well as a younger sister named Lillian who is somewhat of a pain in the neck. During the battle of Ipsus, he had less infantry than Lysimachus. Antigonus sent most of his fleet to the Aegean Sea and his army to Asia Minor. It was pretended, in consequence of a dream which Laodice had, that the god Apollo was the real father of Seleucus. For other Roman women named Cornelia, see, cornelia sinnae [filia] c[ai] caes[aris] vx[or], Plutarch refers to Pompeia, Cornelia's successor, as Caesar's. [35][39] Seleucus, like the other four principal Macedonian chiefs, assumed the title and style of basileus (king). The new Seleucia was supposed to become his new naval base and a gateway to the Mediterranean. [34], We do know that Seleucus defeated Antigonus in at least one decisive battle. The satrap of the former was Stasanor, who had remained neutral during the conflicts. The city flourished until AD 165, when the Romans destroyed it. The two leaders ultimately reached an agreement[41], and through a treaty sealed in 305 BC,[42] Seleucus abandoned the territories he could never securely hold in exchange for stabilizing the East and obtaining elephants, with which he could turn his attention against his great western rival, Antigonus Monophthalmus. [1] [2] [3] [4] He held the consulship for a term of four consecutive years, from BC 87 to 84, when he was slain in a soldiers' mutiny. In spring 334 BC, as a young man of about twenty-three, Seleucus accompanied Alexander into Asia. Some of them also mention Seleucus in association with his son Antiochus as king, which would also imply a date as late as 293 BC. This is most likely propaganda on Seleucus' part to make him seem comparable to Alexander. It all started when Chandra Gupta Maurya also known as Sandrocottus in Greek history while riding across river jhelum saw Helen playing with her hand maidens. Cornelia was educated by Sulla s second wife In addition, Ptolemy had died a few years earlier. In theory, Polyperchon was still the lawful successor of Antipater and the official regent of the Macedonian kingdom. Perdiccas and his troops followed him to Egypt, whereupon Ptolemy conspired with the satrap of Media, Peithon, and the commander of the Argyraspides, Antigenes, both serving as officers under Perdiccas, and assassinated him. Seleucus, thus, did not need to garrison the area to keep the locals from revolting. He left Seleucus with a small number of troops to prevent Eumenes from reaching the Mediterranean. Babylon also had a sizeable population of Macedonian and Greek veterans of Alexander's army. Lysimachus ruled Macedonia, Thracia and Asia Minor. Appian says Seleucus founded three cities that he named in her honor. Seleucus was the son of Antiochus. Eusebius of Caesarea, however, mentions the age of 75, and thus the year 356 BC, making Seleucus the same age as Alexander the Great. It seems that the scale of Nicanor's defeat was not clear to all parties. The fleet was too small to defeat Rhodes, but it was big enough to force Asander, the satrap of Caria, to ally with Ptolemy. Even if he left half of his troops in the west, he would still have a numerical advantage over Seleucus. Perdiccas' opponents gathered in Triparadisos, where the empire of Alexander was partitioned again (the Treaty of Triparadisus 321 BC). After the battle of Gaza Demetrius retreated to Tripoli while Ptolemy advanced all the way to Sidon. During his invasion of Egypt, Perdiccas sent Docimus along with his detachments to Babylon. Meanwhile, Eumenes and his army had arrived at Cilicia, but had to retreat when Antigonus reached the city. From Susa Antigonus went to Media, from where he could threaten the eastern provinces. Seleucus returned to Cyprus, where Ptolemy I had sent his brother Menelaos along with 10,000 mercenaries and 100 ships. He showed himself in front of the soldiers and removed his helmet, revealing his identity. Almost all of them agreed to fight under Seleucus. After Alexander's death (323 BC), when the other senior Macedonian officers unloaded their "Susa wives" en masse, Seleucus was one of the very few who kept theirs, and Apama remained his consort (later Queen) for the rest of her life. In Lemnos he was celebrated as a liberator and a temple was built to honour him. Antigonus built a series of fortresses along the Balikh River while Seleucus built a few cities, including Dura-Europos and Nisibis. Eventually Sulla relented, following the intercession of Caesar's numerous friends and kinsmen, and Caesar returned home to Cornelia. Seleucus married Stratonice I Nicator (born Of Makedonia). Demetrius was finally imprisoned in Apameia and died a few years later in captivity. Cornelius Nepos mentions that Seleucus also took part in this conspiracy, but this is not certain. Peithon, the satrap of Media, assassinated Philip, the satrap of Parthia, and replaced him with his brother Eudemus as the new satrap. Seleucus ordered his forces to sleep and eat breakfast in battle formation. [28], Even though Seleucus now had about 20,000 soldiers, they were not enough to withstand the forces of Antigonus. In the west Antigonus and Eumenes waged war against each other. Seleucus I Nicator - king of Syria, 312-281 B.C. However, after the outbreak of the Wars of the Diadochi in 322, Perdiccas' military failures against Ptolemy in Egypt led to the mutiny of his troops in Pelusium. Sibyrtius, satrap of Arachosia, saw the situation as hopeless and returned to his own province. At the Partition of Triparadisus in 321 BC, Seleucus was appointed Satrap of Babylon under the new regent Antipater. [citation needed] In the first of these episodes, Alexander's diadem was blown off his head and landed on some reeds near the tombs of Assyrian kings. Seleucus hid his armies in the marshes that surrounded the area where Nicanor was planning to cross the Tigris and made a surprise attack during the night. It is reported that Seleucus complained about the number of letters he received and was forced to read. [27] His return to Babylon was afterwards officially regarded as the beginning of the Seleucid Empire[3] and that year as the first of the Seleucid era. The historical accuracy of the story is questionable.[35][36]. Antigonus became angry and demanded that Seleucus give him the income from the province, which Seleucus refused to do. I Soter and one other child demonstrate his power, Seleucus, Eumenes was one of the Argyraspides, allied! Surprise attack in Cilicia Macedon 's generals a member of an anchor as a to! 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